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Cognitive risks (Risks of amplifying the effects of "information cocoons")

AI Safety Governance Framework

National Technical Committee 260 on Cybersecurity (TC260) (2024)

Source
Sub-category
Risk Domain
3Misinformation
3.2Pollution of information ecosystem and loss of consensus reality

Highly personalized AI-generated misinformation creating “filter bubbles” where individuals only see what matches their existing beliefs, undermining shared reality, weakening social cohesion and political processes.

"AI can be extensively utilized for customized information services, collecting user information, and analyzing types of users, their needs, intentions, preferences, habits, and even mainstream public awareness over a certain period. It can then be used to offer formulaic and tailored information and services, aggravating the effects of "information cocoons.""(p. 11)

Entity— Who or what caused the harm

Human

Due to a decision or action made by humans

AI system

Due to a decision or action made by an AI system

Other

Due to some other reason or is ambiguous

Intent— Whether the harm was intentional or accidental

Intentional

Due to an expected outcome from pursuing a goal

Unintentional

Due to an unexpected outcome from pursuing a goal

Other

Without clearly specifying the intentionality

Timing— Whether the risk is pre- or post-deployment

Pre-deployment

Occurring before the AI is deployed

Post-deployment

Occurring after the AI model has been trained and deployed

Other

Without a clearly specified time of occurrence

Other risks from National Technical Committee 260 on Cybersecurity (TC260) (2024) (25)

Risks from models and algorithms (Risks of explainability)

7.4 Lack of transparency or interpretability
AI systemUnintentionalOther

Risks from models and algorithms (Risks of bias and discrimination)

1.1 Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation
HumanOtherPre-deployment

Risks from models and algorithms (Risks of robustness)

7.3 Lack of capability or robustness
AI systemOtherPost-deployment

Risks from models and algorithms (Risks of stealing and tampering)

2.2 AI system security vulnerabilities and attacks
OtherOtherOther

Risks from models and algorithms (Risks of unreliable output)

3.1 False or misleading information
AI systemUnintentionalPost-deployment

Risks from models and algorithms (Risks of adversarial attack)

2.2 AI system security vulnerabilities and attacks
HumanIntentionalPost-deployment
View all 25 risks from this paper →