Demographic diversity of researchers

"The AI research establishment inherits patterns of under-representation that are dominant in most technical elds. In North America, large parts of professional AI research require a Ph.D., yet less than 25% of Ph.D. computer scientists are women, and fewer than 2% are Black or African American [608]. This holds globally and outside the research community: LinkedIn data suggests that only 22% of AI professionals are women [161]. Since the vast majority of AI practitioners work for private companies, limited corporate statistics on gender and racial diversity hinder a full understanding of the situation [402], but those few statistics that exist are not encouraging: only 5% of Google and 7% of Microsoft employees are Black or African American, with potentially even lower representation at the more senior levels [212, 384]."(p. 16)