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This is a research prototype. The data and analyses are preliminary and not yet validated — we'd welcome your .

Limitations in adversarial robustness

A Taxonomy of Systemic Risks from General-Purpose AI

Uuk et al. (2025)

Sub-category
Risk Domain

Vulnerabilities that can be exploited in AI systems, software development toolchains, and hardware, resulting in unauthorized access, data and privacy breaches, or system manipulation causing unsafe outputs or behavior.

"AI models and systems are vulnerable to manipulation through adversarial inputs."(p. 13)

Other risks from Uuk et al. (2025) (60)