Harassment, Impersonation, and Extortion
Generating Harms - Generative AI's impact and paths forwards
Electronic Privacy Information Centre (2023)
Using AI systems to gain a personal advantage over others such as through cheating, fraud, scams, blackmail or targeted manipulation of beliefs or behavior. Examples include AI-facilitated plagiarism for research or education, impersonating a trusted or fake individual for illegitimate financial benefit, or creating humiliating or sexual imagery.
"Deepfakes and other AI-generated content can be used to facilitate or exacerbate many of the harms listed throughout this report, but this section focuses on one subset: intentional, targeted abuse of individuals."(p. 9)
Sub-categories (3)
Malicious intent
"A frequent malicious use case of generative AI to harm, humiliate, or sexualize another person involves generating deepfakes of nonconsensual sexual imagery or videos."
4.3 Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulationPrivacy and consent
"Even when a victim of targeted, AIgenerated harms successfully identifies a deepfake creator with malicious intent, they may still struggle to redress many harms because the generated image or video isn’t the victim, but instead a composite image or video using aspects of multiple sources to create a believable, yet fictional, scene. At their core, these AI-generated images and videos circumvent traditional notions of privacy and consent: because they rely on public images and videos, like those posted on social media websites, they often don’t rely on any private information."
4.3 Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulationBelievability
Deepfakes can impose real social injuries on their subjects when they are circulated to viewers who think they are real. Even when a deepfake is debunked, it can have a persistent negative impact on how others view the subject of the deepfake.3
4.3 Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulationOther risks from Electronic Privacy Information Centre (2023) (21)
Information Manipulation
4.1 Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scaleInformation Manipulation > Scams
4.3 Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulationInformation Manipulation > Disinformation
4.1 Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scaleInformation Manipulation > Misinformation
3.1 False or misleading informationInformation Manipulation > Security
4.2 Cyberattacks, weapon development or use, and mass harmInformation Manipulation > Clickbait and feeding the surveillance advertising ecosystem
3.2 Pollution of information ecosystem and loss of consensus reality