Impact on human agency

Sub-category

Risk Domain

5Human-Computer Interaction

5.2Loss of human agency and autonomy

Delegating by humans of key decisions to AI systems, or AI systems that make decisions that diminish human control and autonomy, potentially leading to humans feeling disempowered, losing the ability to shape a fulfilling life trajectory, or becoming cognitively enfeebled.

"AI might affect the individuals’ ability to make choices and act independently in their best interests."

Entity— Who or what caused the harm

Human

Due to a decision or action made by humans

AI system

Due to a decision or action made by an AI system

Other

Due to some other reason or is ambiguous

Intent— Whether the harm was intentional or accidental

Intentional

Due to an expected outcome from pursuing a goal

Unintentional

Due to an unexpected outcome from pursuing a goal

Other

Without clearly specifying the intentionality

Timing— Whether the risk is pre- or post-deployment

Pre-deployment

Occurring before the AI is deployed

Post-deployment

Occurring after the AI model has been trained and deployed

Other

Without a clearly specified time of occurrence

Supporting Evidence (1)

"AI can generate false or misleading information that looks real. It may simplify the ability of nefarious actors to generate realistically looking false or misleading content with intention to manipulate human thoughts and behavior. When false or misleading content that is generated by AI is spread, people might not recognize it as false information leading to a distorted understanding of the truth. People might experience reduced agency when exposed to false or misleading information since they may use false assumptions in their decision process."