BackDefamation / libel / slander
Defamation / libel / slander
Risk Domain
Using AI systems to gain a personal advantage over others such as through cheating, fraud, scams, blackmail or targeted manipulation of beliefs or behavior. Examples include AI-facilitated plagiarism for research or education, impersonating a trusted or fake individual for illegitimate financial benefit, or creating humiliating or sexual imagery.
"Use of a technology system to create, facilitate or amplify false perception(s) about an individual, group or organisation"
Entity— Who or what caused the harm
Intent— Whether the harm was intentional or accidental
Timing— Whether the risk is pre- or post-deployment
Other risks from Li et al. (2025) (40)
Autonomy
5.2 Loss of human agency and autonomyOtherOtherOther
Autonomy > Impersonation / identity theft
4.3 Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulationHumanIntentionalPost-deployment
Misinformation Harms
3.1 False or misleading informationAI systemOtherPost-deployment
Representation and Toxicity
1.0 Discrimination & ToxicityAI systemUnintentionalPost-deployment
IP / copyright / personality / rights loss
4.3 Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulationHumanIntentionalPost-deployment
Autonomy / agency loss
5.2 Loss of human agency and autonomyOtherOtherOther